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IR Sensor Infrared Obstacle Avoidance Module
IR Infrared Obstacle Avoidance Sensor Module
Reliable Object Detection for Robotics and Automation Projects
Introduction
The IR Obstacle Avoidance Sensor is a reflective photoelectric detection module that uses infrared light to detect objects within 2-30cm. With adjustable sensitivity and digital output, it’s ideal for robot navigation, object counting, and automation systems.
Key Features
Infrared Detection
850nm IR LED with phototransistor receiver
Adjustable Range
2cm-30cm detection (via potentiometer)
Digital Output
TTL-level signal (0V or VCC)
Low Power
Typical current: 15-20mA
Technical Specifications
| Operating Voltage | 3.3V – 5V DC |
|---|---|
| Detection Range | 2cm – 30cm (adjustable) |
| Output Type | Digital (High/Low) |
| Response Time | <2ms |
| IR Wavelength | 850nm |
| Interface | 3-pin (VCC, GND, OUT) |
Pin Configuration
| Pin | Label | Description | Arduino Connection |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | VCC | Power (3.3V-5V) | 5V |
| 2 | GND | Ground | GND |
| 3 | OUT | Digital Output | D2 (Digital Pin) |
Note: Blue potentiometer adjusts detection sensitivity
Wiring Diagram (Arduino)
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// Basic Connections: // VCC → 5V // GND → GND // OUT → D2 (or any digital pin) // For best results: // - Mount sensor 5-10cm above surface // - Avoid direct sunlight interference |
Basic Detection Example
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const int IRSensor = 2; // Connected to OUT pin void setup() { Serial.begin(9600); pinMode(IRSensor, INPUT); } void loop() { int obstacle = digitalRead(IRSensor); if (obstacle == LOW) { Serial.println("Obstacle detected!"); // Add your response code here } delay(100); } |
Advanced Applications
Analog Reading (Optional)
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// Connect OUT to analog pin int sensorValue = analogRead(A0); // Higher values = closer objects // Requires threshold calibration |
Multiple Sensors
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// Array of sensor pins int sensorPins[] = {2,3,4,5}; void setup() { for(int i=0; i<4; i++) { pinMode(sensorPins[i], INPUT); } } |
Debouncing
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// Software debounce unsigned long lastDetect = 0; const int debounceDelay = 50; if(digitalRead(IRSensor) == LOW && millis() - lastDetect > debounceDelay) { lastDetect = millis(); // Trigger action } |
Robot Navigation
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// Simple obstacle avoidance if(digitalRead(leftSensor) == LOW) { turnRight(); } else if(digitalRead(rightSensor) == LOW) { turnLeft(); } else { moveForward(); } |
Troubleshooting
No Detection
- Adjust potentiometer clockwise to increase sensitivity
- Check IR LED is emitting (view through phone camera)
- Verify object is within 2-30cm range
False Triggers
- Reduce sensitivity (turn potentiometer CCW)
- Shield from ambient IR sources
- Add software debouncing
Inconsistent Readings
- Ensure stable power supply
- Check for loose connections
- Test with different surface reflectivity
